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Glossary

This glossary provides definitions of the key concepts in Kubernetes to help you develop a basic understanding of how Kubernetes works and to understand the use of certain terms in the documentation:

Cluster Networking​

Refers to the highly integrated communication between containers, pods, pods and services, or from external sources to services.

CPU​

The central processing unit of a computer, which is responsible for executing programme instructions.

Environment Variable​

An environment variable is a key-value pair in memory that is used to store an application’s configuration details.

Feature Gate​

Feature gates are key-value pairs that describe functions in Kubernetes.

Hash​

A hash is a fixed-length string created by applying a hash function to data. Hashes are frequently used to encrypt SSH keys or to generate unique numerical values that serve as identifiers for data resources.

Health Check​

A health check is a regular HTTP or TCP request carried out to ensure that a service is functioning correctly.

High Availability (HA)​

An approach to infrastructure design that aims to reduce downtime and eliminate single points of failure.

High-availability control plane​

A control plane that has multiple replicas of each component to ensure higher availability.

Image​

A container image is a static file that contains executable code.

IP​

The Internet Protocol is a communication protocol used to connect computers, particularly via the Internet.

Keep-Alive​

A signal sent from one device to another to maintain the connection.

kubectl​

A command-line interface (CLI) for executing commands on Kubernetes clusters.

Load Balancer​

A load balancer that distributes data traffic across a group of servers in order to improve the stability and responsiveness of an application.

Logs​

Standard output logs containing information about activities relating to your application.

Machine Type​

Refers to the virtual hardware resources used by a VM instance.

Namespace​

A collection of resources that contain one or more functions within a Kubernetes cluster.

Node Plan​

The hardware configuration for a node’s specifications.

Node Pool​

A group of nodes with the same configuration within a cluster.

Pod​

The smallest computing unit managed and deployable by Kubernetes.

Port​

A communication endpoint on a network connection, identified by a port number for each transport protocol.

Proxy​

A computer or software system that acts as an intermediary between a client device and another server.

RBAC​

Role-Based Access Control, a method of restricting network access based on a user’s role within an organisation.

SSL Certificates​

A digital document that describes the identity of a website.

Sticky Session​

A process in which the load balancer establishes a network connection with a user for the duration of a session.

Surge Upgrade​

An upgrade process in which up to 10 additional nodes are created during a cluster upgrade.

Tag​

Keywords that are assigned to resources and assist with the management, organisation and implementation of actions relating to those resources.

TCP​

The Transmission Control Protocol, a standard for exchanging messages over a network.

TTL​

Time to Live: the lifetime of a packet in a network before it is discarded by a router.

UDP​

The User Datagram Protocol, a protocol for low-latency connection-oriented communication between applications.

Worker Node​

A node that runs applications within a cluster and reports to a control plane.